Chloroform indasitiri giredhi chloroform nekuchena kwakanyanya
Properties
Mvura isina ruvara uye yakajeka. Iine refraction yakasimba. Iine kunhuhwirira kwakakosha. Inonaka. Haitsva nyore nyore. Kana yakavhenekerwa nechiedza chezuva kana oxidized mumhepo, zvishoma nezvishoma inoputsika uye inoburitsa phosgene (carbyl chloride). Naizvozvo, 1% ethanol inowanzowedzerwa seyakagadzikana. Inogona kusanganiswa ne ethanol, ether, benzene, petroleum ether, carbon tetrachloride, carbon disulfide nemafuta. ImL inonyungudika mune inenge 200mL mvura (25 ℃). Kazhinji hazvipise, asi kuratidzwa kwenguva refu mumurazvo wakavhurika uye tembiricha yepamusoro inogona kuramba ichipisa. Mumvura yakawandisa, chiedza, tembiricha yepamusoro ichaitika kuora, kuumbwa kwefosgene ine muchetura uye inoparadza uye hydrogen chloride. Mabhesi akasimba senge lye uye potassium hydroxide anogona kuputsa chloroform kuita makrorati uye mafomati. Mukuita kwe alkali yakasimba nemvura, inogona kugadzira zvinoputika. High tembiricha kusangana nemvura, ngura, ngura simbi uye dzimwe simbi, ngura mapurasitiki uye rabha.
Process
Iyo indasitiri trichloromethane yakagezwa nemvura kubvisa ethanol, aldehyde uye hydrogen chloride, yobva yagezwa neyakaomeswa sulfuric acid uye sodium hydroxide mhinduro. Mvura yakaedzwa kuti ine alkaline uye yakashambidzwa kaviri. Mushure mekuoma neanhydrous calcium chloride, distillation, kuwana yakachena trichloromethane.
Storage
Chloroform ikemikari yeorganic inowanzoshandiswa se solvent uye reaction medium. Inonyanya kushanduka, inopisa uye inoputika. Naizvozvo, cherechedza zvinotevera pakuichengeta:
1. Nzvimbo yekuchengetera: Chloroform inofanira kuchengetwa munzvimbo inotonhorera, yakaoma uye ine mhepo yakanaka, kure nechiedza chezuva uye kupisa kwakanyanya. Nzvimbo yekuchengetera inofanira kunge iri kure nemoto, kupisa uye oxidant, zvivakwa zvinoputika.
2. Packaging: Chloroform inofanira kuchengetwa mumudziyo usina mhepo wemhando yakagadzikana, semabhodhoro egirazi, mabhodhoro epurasitiki kana madhiramu esimbi. Kutendeseka uye kusimba kwemidziyo kunofanirwa kuongororwa nguva nenguva. Chloroform midziyo inofanira kuparadzaniswa kubva kune nitric acid uye alkaline zvinhu kudzivirira maitiro.
3. Kudzivirira kuvhiringidzika: chloroform haifaniri kusanganiswa neine oxidant yakasimba, yakasimba asidhi, hwaro hwakasimba uye zvimwe zvinhu kuti usaite njodzi. Mukuita kuchengetedza, kurodha, kuburitsa uye kushandisa, kutarisisa kunofanirwa kubhadharwa kudzivirira kudhumhana, kukweshera uye kuzununguka, kudzivirira kuvuza uye tsaona.
4. Kudzivirira static magetsi: Panguva yekuchengetedza, kurodha, kuburitsa uye kushandiswa kwechloroform, kudzivirira static magetsi. Matanho akakodzera anofanirwa kutorwa, senge pasi, kupfeka, antistatic michina, nezvimwe.
5. Label identification: Chigaba chechloroform chinofanirwa kunyorwa nemavara akajeka uye chiziviso, zvichiratidza zuva rekuchengetera, zita, fungidziro, huwandu uye humwe ruzivo, kuitira kufambisa manejimendi nekuzivikanwa.
Uses
Kutsunga kwecobalt, manganese, iridium, iodine, phosphorus extraction agent. Kutsunga kweinorganic phosphorus, organic girazi, mafuta, rubber resin, alkaloid, wakisi, phosphorus, iodine solvent muserum.
